Conflict coverage · South Caucasus

Bishkek Protocol — the Karabakh ceasefire

May 1994Key event

DiplomaticMilitaryArmenia–Azerbaijan / Karabakh legacy

A Russian-brokered ceasefire ends the First Karabakh War with Armenian forces holding the former NKAO and seven surrounding districts. No peacekeepers deploy; the line of contact is held by the armies that made it, under an OSCE Minsk Group mediation that will run for twenty-six years without settlement.

Why it mattersThe ceasefire froze a victor's map without legitimising it — a "no war, no peace" that armed both sides' politics. Its central flaw, a line without guarantees, is what 2016 probed and 2020 erased.

Confidence: HighSources: Established historical record · OSCE texts and mission records ↗Methodology Corrections

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Related structure

3 records that this event names, or that name it. Every one is an explicit reference in a published record — nothing here is inferred from subject matter.

Part of

Campaigns whose record places this event inside them.

Karabakh conflictThe first war and the 1994 ceasefire

Actors

Actor records this event names.

Where this fits

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